Shia Islam is one of the two main branches of Islam, alongside Sunni Islam. It represents the second-largest denomination of the Islamic faith and is distinguished by its adherence to the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and his descendants known as Imams, who are considered by Shias to be the rightful successors to Muhammad. Shia Muslims hold their unique theological beliefs, jurisprudence, and religious practices such as mourning ceremonies for Imam Hussein. The term ‘Shia’ means ‘followers’ or ‘partisans’ of Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, Ali, whom they believe was his rightful successor.

Sunni vs Shia Islam

Shia Islam and Sunni Islam are the two major denominations of Islam. They share the core beliefs of Islam and follow the five pillars, but they differ in certain practices, traditions, and interpretations of Islamic law.

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination, making up about 85-90% of the world’s Muslim population. Sunnis follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad as recorded in the Hadiths, and they recognize the first four caliphs as his rightful successors.

Shia Islam represents about 10-15% of Muslims worldwide. Shias believe that leadership should have stayed within the Prophet’s family, recognizing Ali, the Prophet’s cousin and son-in-law, as the first Imam and rightful successor.

The split originated from a political dispute over who should lead the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad. Over time, theological differences have also developed.

Both sects have further subdivisions and diverse cultural practices, but they share a common faith in Allah and a commitment to follow Islam.